Nissar H. Gilani
Scientific evidence indicates that the average global height of humans has increased over the centuries, with varying growth patterns observed in different parts of the world. In 1950, the average height of Japanese men and women was 1.5 meters and 1.49 meters, respectively, making them 4 cm shorter than Vietnamese individuals at that time. By 2021, the average height of Japanese men and women had increased to 1.72 meters and 1.58 meters, respectively. This improvement can be attributed to advancements in nutrition and healthcare, which have enabled the Japanese population to develop their physical build.
Interestingly, the shortest people reside in Timor-Leste, where men have an average height of 5’3” and women stand at 4’11” on average. Our ancestors, who lived around 100,000 years ago, were also relatively short. However, recent studies have shown a reversal in this trend over the centuries. The primary driver behind this change is improved nutrition, although genetic factors also play a role.
The average life expectancy for humans is currently around 73 years. Monaco leads the list with an average life expectancy of 87 years, followed by other Asian countries such as Hong Kong, Japan, and South Korea. European countries also feature among those with the highest life expectancy at birth, with Spain ranking high at 83.3 years, followed by Sweden at 83 years, and Italy and Luxembourg at 82.7 years.
In contrast, many African countries have lower life expectancy rates. According to the World Population Review, countries such as South Sudan (57 years), Somalia (57 years), and Namibia (60 years) have some of the lowest life expectancy rates globally. Males born in Lesotho have the lowest life expectancy, with an average lifespan of 56 years, while females in Nigeria have an average life expectancy of only 54 years.
The rapid advancement of new technologies has significantly contributed to healthy aging and longevity. For instance, implantable pacemakers have revolutionized the treatment of irregular heart rhythms, enabling patients to lead normal, active lives. With the aid of stent placement, individuals can regain their life and live a full and active lifespan, with an increased life expectancy of approximately 8 to 20 years, depending on their overall health and environment.
Medical Breakthroughs: Enhancing Quality of Life
Other medical implants, such as intraocular lenses, surgical mesh for hernia repairs, urogynecology surgical mesh implants, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) shunt systems, Cocher implants, and joint implants, have also improved the quality of human life and prolonged patients’ lives. Organ transplantation has achieved remarkable success in the present century, increasing life expectancies and enabling patients to live well.
Factors Influencing Life Expectancy
Experts believe that genetics and reproduction play a significant role in determining life expectancy. Women who have fewer children at later ages tend to live longer. Additionally, taking care of one’s physical health is crucial, involving regular physical activity, healthy food choices, adequate sleep, avoidance of alcohol and smoking, and proactive management of healthcare.
A Historical Perspective
Around 1,000 years ago, during the Neolithic period, the average life expectancy for humans was significantly lower. Inadequate food, poor hygiene, diseases, and hard work led to an average life expectancy of 20-25 years. Malnutrition and infections were rampant, resulting in high mortality rates among children. As civilizations evolved, so did life expectancy. The Bronze Age (92300-700 BCE), Copper Age (3200-23000 BCE), and Iron Age (700-1 BCE) saw gradual increases in life expectancy, with adults living up to 30-45 years.
In conclusion, the evolution of life expectancy is a testament to human progress, driven by advances in medicine, technology, and lifestyle changes.
As we continue to push the boundaries of Healthcare and wellness, it’s essential to recognize the factors that have contributed to this progress and work towards creating a brighter future for all.
By understanding the past and embracing innovation, we can strive for a world where everyone has the opportunity to live a long, healthy, and fulfilling life.
The writer is former Assistant Commissioner of Revenue Department. can be reached at
nisargilani57748@gmail.com
